Rabu, 08 Juni 2011
SYNOPSIS THE DEATH OF RAHWANA
In Suwela Mountain, Batara Rama, Laksmana, therewith Gunawan Wibiksana command to all monkey army to alert to to accept the attack from team led by Rahwana.
After all monkey army stand by the alertness, team led by Rahwana come groaning. The war take place venomous, Finally all team Rahwana defeated succeed. At that moment Rahwana insist do not want to bear arms against all monkey soldier, but wishing direct deal with Batara Rama.
Duel between Batara Rama and Rahwana happened, and Rahwana very difficult to be defeated because he have the science of Rawa Rontek and Panca Sona. Finally Batara Rama release the last weapon that is arm of Goa Wijaya and Kyai Dangu defeat the Rahwana by squeezed by two mount that is Mount of Sondara and Mount Sondari.
Sabtu, 04 Juni 2011
RAMAYANA & MAHABRATA
The Ramayana Epic
The Ramayana epic describes the adventures of Prince Rama, who is an incarnation of the god Whisnu. In the story, Rama, his wife Shinta and brother Laksmana are banished from their kingdom and forced to roam the wilderness for many years. Whilst in exile, Shinta is kidnapped by the evil ogre king, Rahwana, and Rama must rescue her. He eventually does so with the assistance of the monkey god, Hanoman, and the monkey king, Sugriwa.
The Mahabrata Epic
The Mahabharata is base on a Great War between the evil Kurawa brothers and their cousins, the Pandawa brothers. In the course of the war many of the great heroes from both sides are killed one by one. Eventually the Pandawas win the war, although there is no clear distinction between right or wrong in the story. After the Pandawas are victorious, one of the Kurawas sneaks into the Pandawa camp and kills all the women and children.
The Ramayana epic describes the adventures of Prince Rama, who is an incarnation of the god Whisnu. In the story, Rama, his wife Shinta and brother Laksmana are banished from their kingdom and forced to roam the wilderness for many years. Whilst in exile, Shinta is kidnapped by the evil ogre king, Rahwana, and Rama must rescue her. He eventually does so with the assistance of the monkey god, Hanoman, and the monkey king, Sugriwa.
The Mahabrata Epic
The Mahabharata is base on a Great War between the evil Kurawa brothers and their cousins, the Pandawa brothers. In the course of the war many of the great heroes from both sides are killed one by one. Eventually the Pandawas win the war, although there is no clear distinction between right or wrong in the story. After the Pandawas are victorious, one of the Kurawas sneaks into the Pandawa camp and kills all the women and children.
Jumat, 03 Juni 2011
Sekilas Tentang Keberadaan Dalang dan Wayang
Menurut Sudarsono, tahun 1500 SM. adalah periode awal masa prasejarah pewayangan/pedalangan. Waktu itu nenek moyang kita sudah mengenal animisme dinamisme, artinya mereka percaya pada kekuatan gaib pada benda-benda seperti keris, jimat, dll.
Keberadaan dalang pada awalnya merupakan median (perantara) /tokoh yang menjembatani komunikasi antara orang yang masih hidup dengan roh-roh lelururnya, termasuk roh-roh pengganggu ketentraman manusia. Dari sinilah lahir tradisi “ngaruat” (upacara tolak bala) untuk menjaga agar manusia selalu aman dari gangguan roh-roh jahat yang mengganggu kehidupannya.
Sebagai alat untuk menyalurkan energi roh-roh halus tersebut, digunakanlah wayang yang berasal dari kata wa dan hyang, yang artinya tempat atau wadah bagi para leluhur. Di Jawa Tengah dikenal dengan Unduk (boneka kecil yang terbuat dari tanah atau logam) sedangkan di Bali dikenal dengan nama Pratima.
Perkembangan wayang di Jawa Barat cukup pesat, yang dapat kita kenali adalah wayang golek, wayang cepak atau wayang menak, dll. Dari sudut sastra, wayang golek adalah salah satu ragam karya sastra lisan di Jawa Barat, yang perkembangannya berasal dari latar belakang budaya yang berbeda, walaupun demikian wayang golek merupakan karya sastra lisan yang berkembang di Jawa Barat dan digemari oleh masyarakatnya. Selain itu wayang golek merupakan seni teater tradisional yang sudah cukup tua umurnya. Perkembangan wayang golek yang terus dialami sampai sekarang selalu menyesuaikan dengan perkembangan jaman.
Penampilan wayang golek didukung oleh berbagai seni, di antaranya seni tari, seni suara, seni musik, seni pahat yang diikat dalam satu kesatuan yang utuh menjadi karya seni drama trdisional.
Seperti halnya seni teater yang lain, wayang golek dikendalikan oleh sutradara yang tidak lain adalah dalang. Dalanglah pemberi jiwa atau ruh sehingga wayang golek bisa terlihat interaktif dan komunikatif. Di sinilah terlihat pergeseran fungsi dalang yang pada awalnya sebagai tokoh ritual supranatural beralih sebagai seorang sutradara dari sebuah pertunjukan.
Namun tetap menjadi catatan, bagi saudara-saudara kita di pedesaan tetap masih ada yang mempercayai bahwa dalang adalah tokoh ritual supranatural yang serba bisa yang bisa menjembatani alam sekarang dan alam masa lalu.
Dalam penampilannya wayang golek tidak didasari dengan adanya naskah atau skenario cerita yang akan ditampilkan. Jalan cerita seluruhnya merupakan kreatifitas dan improvisasi seorang dalang. Unsur yang paling khas pada wayang golek yaitu dalam menampilkan berbagai cerita selalu membawa misi pendidikan mengenai agama, filsafat kehidupan, dan hidup bermasyarakat (sosial).
Ada catatan yang menarik tentang dalang, Atja & Saleh Danasasmita, (1981) mengatakan bahwa hampir dapat dipastikan bahwa orang yang membawakan dongeng (juru cerita) itu adalah dalang.
Naskah Sunda Kuno Sanghyang Siksa Kanda Ng Karesian yang ditulis tahun 1518 M, menyebutkan bahwa :
“Hayang nyaho disakweh ning carita ma, geus ma: Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; sing sawatek carita ma memen tanya”.
“Jika ingin tahu semua cerita, seperti : Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; ya segala macam cerita, tanyalah dalang”.
“Jika ingin tahu semua cerita, seperti : Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; ya segala macam cerita, tanyalah dalang”.
Hal ini menunjukan bahwa masyarakat Sunda mengenal kesenian wayang sudah cukup lama, seperti terbukti dengan disebutkannya beberapa judul cerita di atas.
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BRIEF OF EXISTENCE PUPPETEER AND PUPPET
According to Sudarsono, 1500 BC. is the initial period prehistoric puppets / puppetry. At that time we are familiar ancestral animism dynamism, meaning they believe in supernatural forces on objects such as keris, amulets, etc..
The existence “Dalang” initially a median (intermediary) / figure who bridges the communication between people who are still alive with the spirits of his ancestors, including the spirits of human tranquility bullies. From this was born the tradition of "ngaruat" (starting ceremony reinforcements) to keep the man is always safe from evil spirits that disrupt their lives.
As a means to channel the spirits of subtle energy, the puppets are used derived from the word wa and hyang, which means that the place for the ancestors. In Central Java, known as Unduk (small doll made of earth or metal) while in Bali known as Pratima.
The development of a puppet in West Java is quite rapid, which could recognize the puppet show, puppet or puppet marvelous crew cut, etc.. From the point of literature, puppet show is one of the various works of oral literature in West Java, a development originating from different cultural backgrounds, however puppet show is a work of oral literature that flourished in West Java and loved by the community. Also puppet show is a traditional theater art is quite old age. The development of puppet show which continues to experience until now always conform with the development of the era.
Appearances puppet show is supported by various arts, including dance, singing, music, sculpture tied into one unified whole into works of art of traditional drama.
Like the other theatrical plays, puppet show controlled by a director who is none other than “Dalang”. “Dalang“soul or spirit is the giver so that puppet show can be seen interactive and communicative. This is where the puppeteer is visible shift function initially as a supernatural ritual character switch as a director of a show.
But still a record, for our brothers in the countryside still there are those who believe that “Dalang” was a man of supernatural rituals that can bridge the versatile nature and the nature of the past now.
In the puppet show is not based on his performance with a script or scenario stories that will be displayed. Whole storyline is a “Dalang” of creativity and improvisation. The most distinctive element in the puppet show is in presenting a variety of stories always bring the mission of education about religion, philosophy of life, and live in a society (social).
There's an interesting note about “Dalang”, Atja & Saleh Danasasmita, (1981) says that is almost certain that the person who brought the tale (storytellers), it was “Dalang”.
Old Sundanese script Sanghyang Siksa Kanda Ng Karesian written in 1518 AD, states that:
“Hayang nyaho disakweh ning carita ma, geus ma: Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; sing sawatek carita ma memen tanya”.
"If you want to know all the story, such as: Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; yes all kinds of stories, ask Dalang '.
This shows that the Sundanese people familiar puppet art is long enough, as evidenced by mention of some of the title story above.
"If you want to know all the story, such as: Darmajati, Sanghyang Bayu, Jayasena, Sedamana, Pu Jayakerma, Ramayana, Adiparwa, Korawasrama, Bimasora, Ranggalawe, Boma, Sumana, Kala Purbaka, Jarini, Tantri; yes all kinds of stories, ask Dalang '.
This shows that the Sundanese people familiar puppet art is long enough, as evidenced by mention of some of the title story above.
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